Efektivitas Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dalam Mengurangi Turnover Intention
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37385/msej.v6i3.7518Keywords:
Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Turnover Intention, Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis.Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan turnover intention karyawan melalui tinjauan literatur sistematis yang komprehensif. Sebanyak 37 artikel terpilih dianalisis untuk mengidentifikasi pola hubungan, peran variabel mediator dan moderator, serta implikasi praktis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas studi menemukan hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan transformasional dan niat karyawan untuk meninggalkan organisasi (turnover intention). Namun, beberapa penelitian mengungkapkan hasil yang berbeda, seperti hubungan positif atau tidak adanya hubungan langsung. Variabel-variabel seperti kepercayaan, kepuasan kerja, komitmen organisasi, pemberdayaan psikologis, dan kesesuaian individu-organisasi terbukti memediasi pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap turnover intention. Sementara itu, faktor-faktor seperti kepercayaan pada atasan, persepsi underqualification, dan dukungan organisasi yang dirasakan dapat memoderasi hubungan tersebut. Implikasi praktisnya adalah bahwa organisasi perlu secara strategis mengembangkan dan menerapkan kepemimpinan transformasional serta mengelola variabel-variabel terkait untuk mengurangi turnover intention dan meningkatkan retensi karyawan. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan ini dalam konteks yang berbeda dan menyelidiki interaksi antara gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dengan faktor-faktor lainnya.
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