Diseminasi Online Model Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Nasabah Perbankan Akibat Force Majeour Covid-19 di Kota Mataram

Abstract

The relationship between the Force Majeure conditions resulting from COVID-19 with legal protection for banking clients affects the aspect of legal certainty and fairness. The normative aspect is crucial to be known and understood by all stakeholders, both the banking, the customer and the government through OJK and the legislature, concerning the legal basis of Force Majeure and the protection efforts for customers and banks. The condition of Force Majeure caused by the outbreak of COVID-19 is a condition of Majeure, based on Presidential Decree No. 12 of 2020. The presidential decree was the basis for the determination that Covid-19 was a national disaster. In that case, the banking must refer to the other legal provisions of article 1245 Civil Code and become the basis of the protection of banking customer rights. Therefore, online dissemination efforts felt critical to do to provide knowledge and understanding to the community, especially banking customers on the legal rights and economic rights, as the purpose of the community service activities conducted. They are using interactive lecture methods, questions and answers and discussions, and evaluations. The results of counseling, there is an increase in the number of tort cases in the period pandemic Covid-19 is 90 cases, between the Bank and the customer. And cases of deeds against the law as many as 3 cases. This legal remedy is a form of legal protection for banking customers who do not acquire the rights in the form of deduction and elimination of interest and fines, as stipulated in article 1245 of the Civil Code. Furthermore, the normative aspect, is not a reference yet, given the more tort lawsuit compared to lawsuits that are emerging in the condition of Force Majeure.
Keywords: COVID-19; dissemination online; force majeure; banking customer rights.

Abstrak
Hubungan antara kondisi force majeure akibat COVID-19 dengan perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah perbankan berpengaruh pada aspek kepastian hukum dan keadilan. Aspek normatif sangat penting untuk diketahui dan difahami oleh seluruh stakeholders, baik pihak perbankan, nasabah dan pemerintah melalui OJK dan legislatif, terkait dasar hukum force majeure dan upaya perlindungan bagi nasabah dan pihak perbankan. Kondisi force majeure yang disebabkan oleh wabah COVID-19, merupakan kondisi kahar, berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden nomor 12 tahun 2020. Kepres tersebut menjadi dasar penetapan bahwa COVID-19 adalah bencana nasional. Pada kondisi tersebut, pihak perbankan wajib merujuk pada ketentuan hukum lainnya yaitu pasal 1245 KUHPerdata dan menjadi dasar perlindungan hak nasabah perbankan. Oleh karena itu upaya diseminasi online dirasakan sangat penting untuk dilakukan dalam rangka memberikan pengetahuan dan pemahaman kepada masyarakat, khususnya nasabah perbankan terhadap hak-hak hukum dan hak ekonominya, sebagaimana tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan. Menggunakan metode ceramah interaktif, tanya jawab dan diskusi, serta evaluasi. Hasil penyuluhan, ada peningkatan jumlah kasus wanprestasi di masa pandemic COVID-19 yaitu sebanyak 90 kasus, antara pihak bank dan nasabah. Dan kasus perbuatan melawan hukum sebanyak 3 kasus. Upaya hukum tersebut merupakan bentuk perlindungan hukum bagi nasabah perbankan, yang tidak memperoleh hak-haknya berupa pengurangan dan/atau penghapusan bunga dan denda sebagaimana diatur di dalam pasal 1245 KUHPerdata. Dan aspek normative tersebut, belum menjadi rujukan, mengingat gugatan wanprestasi lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan gugatan melawan hukum yang sejatinya muncul pada kondisi force majeure.